Cerebral Palsy – An Explanation
Many of us have heard the term Cerebral Palsy or “CP,” but do we actually understand what that means?
Cerebral Palsy is a condition that is caused by some type of injury or insult to the developing brain. This insult can occur in the womb, at delivery, or within the first couple years of life. Common risk factors include prematurity, multiples (twins or more), and infection.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Though medical professionals might consider the diagnosis based on risk factors or clinical presentation, an MRI is the preferred method for making the diagnosis. An MRI of the brain will show the damage or evidence of the injury in the brain.
What Are the Signs / Red Flags?
Unusually strong preference to use one side or the body more than the other
Keeping one hand fisted
One arm or leg tighter than the other
Keeping the arm bent at the elbow when playing
Walking on tip toes on only one side
Both arms and / or legs unusually stiff or tight
Delays in reaching milestones
Walking with “crouched” gait (hips and knees bent)
How Is It Described?
Hemiplegia: affects one side of the body and is the most common
Quadriplegia: affects all four extremities
How Is It Classified?
The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Categorizes children with CP in 5 different levels as seen here.
What Is Next?
If you haven’t started therapy ask your pediatrician for a referral
If your child is already receiving therapy (physical, occupational, or speech) their treatment will not likely change, but the diagnosis might help your child qualify for more services.
You can seek the advice of a developmental pediatrician or neurologist for further testing and diagnostic information.
What Is the Prognosis?
Though each child is different, here are some general guidelines according to GMFCS levels.
If you have additional questions, please contact our physical therapist at susan@collaborativecorner.org.
Susan Robins, PT
Pediatric Physical Therapist
susan@collaborativecorner.org